Process for dyeing and printing of textile materials containing hydroxyl groups



PROCESS FOR DYEING AND PRINTING OF TEX- TILE MATERIALS CONTAINING HYDROXYL GROUPS Karl Gustav Kleb, Leverkusen, Germany, assignor to Farbenfabriken Bayer Aktiengesellschaft, Leverkusen,

Germany, a corporation of Germany I No Drawing. Filed July 8, 1958, Ser. No. 747,113 11 Claims. (Cl. 8-54.2)

The present invention relates to a new process for dyecarboxylic acid groups and containing in the molecule at least once the following grouping wherein R denotes a hydrocarbon radical having two or three carbon atoms between N and O, and A denotes the radical of a polybasic inorganic acid or its organic derivatives, and subjecting the materials thus treated in the presence of acid-binding agents to the action of elevated temperatures. It is advantageous to follow up the fixing process by an after-treatment of the dyed or printed material in an aqueous neutral or alkaline bath.

The process can also be modified by first treating the materials to be dyed, with an acid-binding agent, and subsequently with the solution or paste of the dyestuff or by applying onto the material somultaneously the dyestutfsolution or paste and the acid-binding agent.

The constitution of the compounds forming the dyestuff according to the invention may be vvery different. They may belong, for example, to the class of the azo, oxazine, dioxazine, triphenylmethane or anthraquinone dyestuffs or to that of the azororphin dyestuffs. The unesterified compounds contain in the molecule one or moresulfonic acid-B-hydroxyethylamide groups or sulfonic acid-'y-hydroxypropylamide groups which may be further substituted by alkyl radicals in the carbon chain. The dyestuff may contain substituents commonly used other than sulfonic acid and carboxylic acid groups. In general, those compounds are advantageously used which possess a very slight affinity'for the materials to be dyed; the use of such dyestuffs enables the dyestuff molecule not firmly bound to the fibre to be stripped by subsequent after-treatment in an aqueous neutral or alkaline dyebath.

The dyestuffs to be used may beproduced by, for example, combining sulfonic acid hydroxyalkylamides of'preliminary dyestuff products, i.e. of diazo or azo components when using azo dyestuffs, to give the corresponding dyestuffs, or by producing sulfochlorides of tain already sulfonic acid-hydroxyalkylamide groups esterified with the aforesaid acids; such preliminary products are, for example, sulfuric acid esters of aminoaryl sulfonic acid alkanolamides which are produced by reduction of the sulfuric acid esters of the corresponding nitroaryl sulfonic acid alkanolamides at temperatures 2,995,412 Patented Aug. 8, 1961 up to 70 C. in aqueous or alcoholic medium. "Flu /esters are also obtainable by reacting the dyestuff sulfochloride with esters of amino alkanols. I

The dyestuffs containing ester groups are isolated in .the form of the alkali metal salts from a neutral to alkaline solution. They are stable at room temperature in a neutral or alkaline medium in substance or insolution.

They are generally used from an aqueous solution or paste which may be treated withalkaline compounds or acid-binding agents, preferably alkali metal hydroxide or alkali metal carbonate or with compounds changing into alkaline compounds such as alkali metal bicar .bonate. The solution may contain further auxiliaries not reacting with the dyestuffs in an undesirable manner. Additives of said type are, for example, surfaceactive compounds such as alkyl sulfates, or substances or dyeing auxiliaries preventing the migration of the dyestuff such as alginates or polyacrylates or other thickeners such as oil-in-water emulsions. Especially, the addition of urea brings about a complete fixation of the dyestuff on the fibre.

The solutions or pastes thus obtained are applied to the material to be dyed by, for example, padding on the foulard, and subsequently heating to elevated temperatures of about 60-160 0., especially -140 C. for some time. This process may be carried out in the hotflue, steaming apparatus, on heated rollers or by the introduction into hot concentrated salt baths alone '0 consecutively in any sequence. 1

In an alternative mode of operation the acid or neutral dyestuff solution treated with the additives, may be applied to thedyeing material, which is intermediately dried and passed through concentrated salt baths preventupon heating, to give a printing paste which is fixed after the printing in the manner indicated' above for dyeing, and rinsed. I

After the fixation is completed, the dyeing material is rinsed in hot water and. if the further use requires, soaped at the boil in order to remove not sufl'iciently fixed dyestuif residues.

Dyeing and prints of excellent fastness to wet proc-' essing are thus obtained though the dyestuffs preferably used or their hydrolysis products possess only a slight affinity for the dyeing material.

When using azo dyestuffs containing the esterifiedsulfonic acid alkanolamide group in the diazb component,

the dyed materials may be decolorized by reductive splitting of the azo bond on the dyestuffs applied, with, for example, sodium dithionite. When the material is subsequently treated first in an acid medium with a nitrite solution and then in an alkaline, neutral or acid range with the solution of the azo component used for the production of the'original dyestuff, the dyestuff or the dyeing having the same fastness properties is formed back. This surprising result suggests that the dyestufi molecule is bound to the material to be dyed bya chemical bond.

Example 1 Nickel phthalocyanine (3) tetrasulfo hydroxyethylamide obtained by the reaction of nickel-phthalocyanine-(3)-tetrasu1fochloride with four times its molar quantity of 2-amino-ethanol, is esterified according to known processes with sulfuric acidor benzoic acid sulfonylchloride or benzene sulfonylchloride. 4 grams of this dyestufl are dissolved in 100' millilitres of a solution containing 3 grams of sodium hydroxide, 5 grams of urea and 0.5 gram of sulfated castor 'oil (Turkey red oil). After the addition of 5 grams of a tragacanth solution containing -60 grams of tragacanth in 1000 grams of solution, the dyestutf solution is padded on to cotton poplin on the foulard, and the impregnated fabric immediately heated to 120 C. for minutes. It is then rinsed in hot water and boiled with soap for 20 minutes. A level greenish blue dyeing is obtained having a very good fastness to Washing andgood fastness to brightening, to solvents and to light.

Example 2 Nickel-phthalocyanine-(3)-tetrasulfochloride is reacted in a weakly alkaline medium with an excess, i .e. with more than four times its molar quantity of 2-aminoethyl-sulfuric acid semi-ester. 4 grams of the dyestulf isolated by saltin'g out with potassium chloride, are dissolved according to the instruction given in Example 1, fixed on a cotton fabric and then after-treated.

' Example 3 The sulfochloride obtainable from the condensation product of 1 mol of 4-bromo-l'-methyl-anthrapyridone with 1 mol of 4-aminotoluene by treating with excess chlorosulfonic acid, is reacted with Q-amino-ethanol to give the corresponding sulfonic acid-fi-hydroxyethylamide.

By esterification with sulfuric acid, a dyestufi is obtained which is fixed on a cotton fabric according to the follow- Example 4 By coupling of diazotized 1-amino-4-methylbenzene-3- sulfonic acid-fi-hydroxyethylamide with l-phenyl-Il-methylpyrazolone-(S) and esterification of the monoazo dyestufi with sulfuric acid according to known processes, a yellow dyestuff is obtained which is applied by padding to copper staple fibre in a solution containing per litre 1 gram of dyestuff, 100 grams of urea, '5 grams of sulfated castor oil and 1.5 grams of sodium hydroxide. The impregnated material is heated to 100 C. for about minutes, then rinsed and soaped. A yellow dyeing of very good fastness to wet processing is obtained.

The dyestutt used may also be obtained by coupling of the diazotized sulfuric acid ester of l-arnino-4-methylbenzene-B-sulfonic acid-p-hydroxyethylamide with l-phenyl-3-methylpyrazolone-(5) in an alkaline solution.

Instead of copper staple fibre there may also be used copper rayon, viscose rayon, viscose staple fibre, cotton or linen. The depth of shades are somewhat different according to the type of raw material used.

Example 5 The dyestulf obtainable by coupling of diazotized 1 amino- 4 methylbenzene 3 sulfonic acid p hydroxyethylamide with 2-hydroxynaphthalene and subsequent esterification with sulfuric acid, or by coupling of diazotized sulfuric acid ester of '1-amino-4-methylbenzene-3-sulfonic acid-fi-hydroxyethylamide with Z-hydroxynaphthalene, is fixed on a cotton fabric and after-treated Example 6 20 grams of the dyestufi obtained by condensation of copper phthalocyanine-(4)tetrasulfochloride with p-arninoethyl-hydrogen sulfate (sulfuric acid semi-ester of fl-aminoethanol) in alkaline solution,: are dissolved in 1000 millilitres of an aqueous solution containing 50 grams of urea, '5 grams of sulfated castor oil, '40 millilitres of sodium hydroxide solution (38 B6.) and 50 grams of an alginate thickening 3521000. or 50 grams of a 10 percent sodium polyacrylate solution. Bleached cotton calico is impregnated with this solution, the impregnated fabric dried at 80 C. and treated at 105 C. in a steaming apparatus for 5 minutes. After rinsing and boiling with soap, a greenish blue dyeing of an outstanding fastness to light and very good fastness to water, washing, boiling with sodium carbonate and to solvents is obtained.

Instead of sodium hydroxide there may be used in a similar manner and with similar result 30 grams of sodium carbonate, or sodium bicarbonate, or potassium according to the instruction given in Example 4. The

resultant orange dyeing is very fast to washing and shows a very good fastness to brightening and to organic solvents.

carbonate or bicarbonate, or 20 grams of potassium hydroxide, or 30 grams of trisodium phosphate, or 20 grams of sodium silicate or 30 grams of cesium or lithium hy droxide or barium hydroxide.

Instead of calico, other fabrics of cotton, copper staple fibre or copper rayon, viscose staple fibre or viscose rayon or other cellulose fibresmay' be dyed in the same manner.

Example 7 fonic acid, is. reacted in an aqueous alkaline solution with fl-aminoethyl hydrogen sulfate. 30 grams of the isolated and dried dyestufi are dissolved in an aqueous solution containing 50 millilitres of sodium hydroxide solution (38 B.), grams of urea, 5 grams of sulfated castor oil, stirred with 350 grams of an alginate thickening containing 30 grams of alkali metal alginate in 1000 grams of thickening or 400 grams of 10 percent sodium polyacrylate solution, and the paste thus obtained is made up with water to 1000 grams. Cotton fabric printed with this paste is dried at 80 C. annd steamed at C. for 10 minutes in a steaming apparatus. After rinsing and soaping a greenish blue print of very good fastness to I washing, solvents and light is obtained.-

Prints on other fabrics of fibres of natural or regenerated cellulose yield similar results which-differ somewhat, according to the type of fibre.

Example 8 Example 9 When'a cotton fabric is treated in a similar manner to that indicated in Example 3 witha dyestutf obtained by coupling of diazotized 4-aminobenzene-1-sulfonic acid- (3'-hydroxypropylamide) with Z-hydroxynaphthalene and subsequent esterification' with sulfuric acid, an orange dyeing fast to washing is obtained.

Example 10 Dyeings on fibres of natural or generated cellulose having very good fastness to water, boiling with sodium carbonate, washing, and to solvents are obtained by treating the fibres according to the instructions preceding examples with dyestuffs obtained known processes by converting all the sulfonic acid groups of dyestuffs containing sulfonic acid groups and synthe- 6 given in the groups is advantageously c according to arried out by the action of chlorosulfonic acid and thionyl chloride. The sulfochlorides are isolated from the reaction mixture by treating with ice and reacted in an aqueous solution at a pH of sized by the starting components listed in the following 5 8 to 10 with, for example, fi-amlnoethyl-hydrogen-sulfate table, into the corresponding sulfonic ac1d-[ fl-hydroxyor 'y-aminopropyl-hydrogen-sulfate. The final dyestuffs ethylamides] esterified with sulfuric acid. are mamly isolated by saltmg out wlth potassium .chlo- The conversion of the sulfonic acid groups of the dyeride. In general, they are very readlly water-soluble. stuifs or preliminary dyestulf products into sulfochloride Starting azo, dyestuffs obtained by coupling of:

D eing on oelfiulose of the correspending Diazo component Coupling component sulfonic acid fly yethylernides esterified with sulluric acid l-aminobenzene-l-sull'onic acid; 1-[4'-sulfophenyl]-3-methyl-pyrazolone-(5) Yellow. d-nmlno-l-methylbenzene-2-sulionic acid. do Do. 3-aminobenzene-l-sull'onic acid do D0. 3-amino-fi-chlorobenzene-l-sulfonic acid. -d0 Do. B-aminobenzene-l-sulfonic acid 1-[2-chloro-5-sulfophenyl]-3-methyl-pyrazolone-(5) Do. d-aminobenzene-l-sulionlc acid o-.. D0. 4-aminc-1-methylbenzene-2-sulfonic acid -dor Do. Do 1-[2',5-dlch1oro-4-suliophcnyl -3-methyl-pyrazolone-(5) Do. Do. 1-[2-methyl-6'-chloro- -sulfop euyl]-3-Inethyl-pyrazolone-(5) Do. 3-amin0-6-chlorobenzene-1-sulionlc acid d D0. 3-aminobenzene-1-sullonlc acid D0. 2-amino-l-hydroxybenzene-4-sulfonic acid Do. l-amino-i-methylbenzenei-sulionic acid. D0. Z-eminobenzene-l-sulionic acid do- D0. 4-aminobenzene-l-sulfonlc acid d0-- Do. 2-amlno-1-hydroxybenzene-4-sulfonic acid" 1-[2-chloro-5-sullophenyl]-3-methylpyrazolonc-(5) Do. Do. l-[2,5-dichloro-phenyljii-methyl-pyrazolone-(5).. Do. 2-amin0-4-chloro-l-hydroxybenzenefi-sulionic acid- 1 phenyl-3-methyl-pyrazolonc-(5) Do. 4-an1lno-1-methylbenzene-?rsulfonic acid a 1-hydroxynaphthalcne-4sulfonic acid. Red orange.

l-hydroxynaphthalene-5-sullonic acid Rod. 1-hydroxynaphthalene-(i-sulfonic 'n-td Red'orange. 1-hydroxynaphthalene-7-sulfonic acid Do. l-hyrlroxynaphthalene4,8-disullonic acid Red. 2-h ydroxynaphthalene-iifidisulfonic acid Do. 2-hydroxynaphthalene-G-sulionic acid Redlgrange, o. W. o. l-hydroxynaphthalene-4-sulionic acid Do. Do. l-hydroxynaphthalene-5-sulf0nic acid Red. 4,4-diamino-3,3-dichlorodiphcnyl 2-hydroxynaphthnlene-3,6-disl1lionic Do. Do 1-hydroxynaphthalene-4,8-disullonic acid Do. Do l-hydroxynaphthalene-3,6-disulfonic arid D 2-aminobenzene-1-sulfonlc acid 3-a1nlno-4-methoxyhenzene-lsulfonic acid 2-amino-1-hydroxybenzenc -4-sultonlc acid a-aminoi-methoxybcnzene-l-sulfonic acid o. 2,5-dichloro-4-aminobenzene-l-sulfonic acid 3-chlor-4-aminobcnzene-1-sulfonic acid. r 2-aminonaphthaleue-4,8-disulfonic acid l-amino-B-hydroxy-naphthalene-3,6-disulfonic acid" 2-am ino-1-hydroxy-4-chloronaphthnlencceull'onic acid 3-amino-l-mcthylbenzcne (dyestuli converted into urea) 3-amino-4-mcthoxy-l-methylbenzene (dyestuii converted into urea) 1-(3 -sulf0pl1eny1)- l-xnethylpyrezolonc-(5) (chrome complex of the dy 0. Red orange. Scarlet.

'1-arnino-2-hydroxy-naphthalcnei-sulionlc acid 0..

Further diazotised middle Dyeing of the end Dlazo component component End coupling component dyestutl on cellulose 1-aminonaphthalene-o-sulfonic acid l-amlnonephthalene l-phenylaminonaphthalene-Seulionlc acid Brown. 4,4 -Dl-[6-n1ethyl-benzothlezolyl-(2)]-azobenzene-disu1t'onlc acid. Yellow.

-(S0;H)a Violet.

F Cl (lhH N O N -(S0;H) 3 Blue.

N o N Example 12 gen sulfate.

Dyeings or prints of very good fastness to water, washing and boiling are obtained by treating materials of cellulose fibres with the following dyestfifis according to the instructions of the preceding examples.

Azo dyestuffs obtained by coupling of:

irl fi i 15 r e a Diazo component Coupling component dyestufi on cellulosecontaining materials 4-amino-1-methyibenzene 1-phenyli3-me(t5l;yl- Yellow.

pyrazo one- Z-methoxy-l-aminobenzene 1-(2,3-hydroxy- Red.

gaphtlgioylgaminw- -me oxy enzene. l-methoxy-2-aminobenzene4- 1-(2,3-hydroxy- D0.

benzyls'ulfone. naphthoy1-amino)- 2-methoxybenzene. 2-methoxy-1-aminobenzene o Do.

Do 1-(2,3hydr0xy- Do.

naphthoyl-amino)- 2-methyl-4-methoxy-benzene. 1-methoxy-2-aminobenzcne-4- .do Do.

benzylsulfone. 2,5-dlch1oro-1-amino-benzene 1-(2,3-hydroxy- Brown red. gaphthoyl-amino enzenc. 3-aminobenzene-l-sulfonic acid. 1-(2',3'-hydroxy- Red.

raaphtlliloyl-tgminm- -met oxy enzene. 2-chloro-5-aminobenzene-1-sul- 1-(2,3'-hydroxy- Do.

ionic acid. naphthoyl-amino) Q-mcthoxybenzene. 3-amino-4-methoxybenzene-l- 1-(2',3-hydroxy- Do.

sulionic acid.

nnphthoyl-amino)- 2,4-dimethoxy-5- chlorobenzene.

D clue of t e end Dyestufl product on cellulose containing material 4-phenylamino-1-methyl-anthrapyridone Yellgwish re 4-4'-methylphenylamino)-1-methyl-anthrapyridone Bluish red, 4- 3'-chlorophenylamino)-1-methy1-anthrapyridone-. Yellgwish re 4-(4'-benzy1-phenylamino)-l-rnethyl-anthrapyridone Bluish red. 6-( 4-rgethylphenylaminoy2-diphenyl-(4)-anthrapy- Scarlet.

r1m1 me. 6-(%-liiainzyl-phenylamino)-2-dlphenyl-(4)-anthrapy- Red. r m ne. 1,4-di- 4'-methylphenylamino)-anthraquin0ne Bluishgreen. 1,4-di- 2,6'-dimethylphenylamlno)-anthraqninone-- Blue. 1,4-di- 2'-methyl-6'-ethylphenylamino) anthraqulnone Do. 1,4-di-(2',6-diethylphenylamino)-anthraquinone Do. 1,4 -d l (2,6- diethylt methylphenylamino) anthra- Do.

quinone. 1,4 -d i (2,4'-dlmetbyl 6' ethylphenylamino) anthra- Do.

quinone. 1,4-di-(2' 4,6',-triinethyl-phenylamino)-anthraquinone.... Do. 1,4-di (4' -methylphenylamlno) -5- hydroxyanthra- Green.

quinone. 1,4 di (4 methylphenylamino) 5,8 dihydroxy an- D0.

thra uinone. lA-di- 4-methylphenylamino)o-chloro-anthraquinone... Do. 1,4-di-(4,6-dimethylphenylamino)-anthraquinone Do. 1,4-dl (4 -methylphenylamino) -7,8- dihydroxy anthra D0.

quinone. 2,7-Bis-diphenyl-(4)-[1'194':10"]-authradlpyrimidine. Yellow rown.

Example 13 Dyeings of good fastness to water, washing and solvents are obtained by treating materials of cellulose fibres according to the instructions of the preceding examples with azo dyestuffs which are obtainable by coupling of the following components:

Dyeing on i Dlazo component Coupling component cellulosecontaining materials 2-aminobenzene-1-sulionyl-aminoethyl-hydrogensulfate 1 (2,3 hydroxynaphthoyl amino) 2 methoxy- Red.

' benzcne-5-sulionylarninoethyl-hydrogensulinte. 4-amino-1-methylbenzene-2-sullonylaminoethyl-hydrogen nllatl ---.d0 Do. 3-aminobenzene-l-sulfonyl-aminoethyl-hydrogensullate --d0 Scarlet. 3-amino-4-methoxybenzcne-l-snlionylaminoethyl-hydrogen limp -do Red. 1,3-dimethyl-4-aminohenzene-S-sullonylaminoethyl-hydrogensullate l d0 Scarlet. 4-amin0-1-Inethylbenzene-3,5-di-[sulfonylamino-cthyl-hydrogensultate] d0 Do. 2-aminobenzene-1-sullonyl-aminoethyl-hydrogensnltate 1 (223 hydroxynaphthoyl amino) 4 mcthyl- Red orange.

- benzene fi-sullonylaminoethyl'hydrogensullatc. 3-aminobenzene-l-sullonyl-aminocthyl-hydrogensulfated0 o. 4-amino-1-methylbenzene-2 sullonylaminoethyl-hydrogensullate do.... Scarlet. 2-chloro-5-amincbenzene-l-sullonylarninocthyl-hydrogensnlfate do Do. 1,3-dirnethyl-4-aminobcnzcne-5-sulfonylaminocthyl-hydrogcnsullatc. -.-.do Do. 3-amino-4-methoxybenzene-l-sullonylaminoethyl-hydrogensulfate .-d0.--.. Red. 4-amino-l-methylbennene-Zi,Mii-[sullonylaminoethyl-hydrogm:sullate] .d0 Scarlet. 2,3-dichl0r0-5-aminobenZena-1-sull0nylaminoethyl-hydrogcnsullate ..do Do. 2-chloro-4-amino-l-mcthyl-benzene-5-sulfonylarnino-ethyl-hydrogensulfate d0 D0. 4,4-bis-[3"-amin0benzene-1-sulionamido]-diphenyl-2,2-di-[sulfonylarnino-ethyld0 Red orange.

hydrogensulfate].

Copper complex compounds of azo dyestufis from:

Dyeing on Diazo component Coupling component. cellulosecontaining materials 2-amino-6-chloro-1-hydr0Xybenwene-4-su1fonylamlnoethyl-hydrogensullate 2- hsz i roxyng hgialene-6-sulfonylaminoethyl- Bordo.

, y ogens a v 3-nitro-4-aminobenzene-1-sultony]aminoethyl-hydrogensullate acid 1-amlno-7-hydroxy-naphthalene......-..--;--.-. Black. @a 2-amiuo-6-chloro-1-hydroxybenzene-4-sullonylamlnoethyl-hydrogensultate Sometimes it may be advantageous to apply onto the ma- Example 14 a The coupling product from diazotized 3-aminobenzen el-sulfonic acid and 1-(2'-chloro-5'-sulfophenyl)-3-methyl- S-pyrazolone is converted in accordance with the method descri led in Example 10 into the sulfonic acid-fi-hydroxydhylamide esterified with sulfuric acid, and isolated as potassium salt. 20 grams of this dyestufi are dissolved in 1000 ml. of a solution which contains 100 g. of urea and 2 g. of sodium dodecyl-benzene-sulfonate. A cotton fabric is padded on the foulard with this solution and dried at 60 C. The fabric is again padded on a foulard with a solution containing of potassium chloride and 4% of sodium carbonate, and subsequently passed for 6 minutes through a Wood's-alloy bath heated to 130' C. After rinsing and soaping at boiling temperature a yellowish dyeing of excellent fastness to washing is obtained.

Example 15 A cotton fabric is impregnated with a 1% sodium hydroxide solution, dried and treated with a solution containing per litre g. of the dyestulf used in Example 14, 100 g. of urea and l g. of sodium-lauryl-sulfate; the fabric thus treated is heated to 120 C. for 10 minutes, then rinsed and soaped at boiling temperature. One obtains a yellowish dyeing of likewise excellent fastness to washings A yellow print can be produced on a cotton fabric when impregnating the fabric with a 1% soda lye and drying and then printing with a paste containing in 1000 g. 30 g. of the above mentioned dyestufi, 100 g. of urea and 400 g. of sodium polyacrylate; the fabric is then dried at 80 C. and the printed side heated to 130 C. for 5 minutes on a hot cylinder. The fabric is finally rinsed and boiling soaped.

I claim:

1. Process for the dyeing and printing of cellulosecontaining textile materials which comprises applying to these materials dyestufis free from sulfonic acid and carboxylic acid groups, and containing at least once the following gr p wherein R represents an ethylene radical and A is a radical selected from the group consisting of a polybasic inorganic acid and its organic derivatives, and subjecting the material thus treated to the action of an elevated temperature of about to 160 C. in the presence of acid-binding agents.

2. Process according to claim 1 which comprises fixing the dyestuif in the presence of urea.

3. Process according to claim 1 which comprises following up the fixation by an after-treatment in a neutral to alkaline aqueous bath.

4. Process according to claim 1 which comprises treating the material to be dyed first with an acid-binding agent and subsequently applying the dyestufi and fixing them by the action of an elevated temperature of about 60 to 160' C.

5. Process according to claim 4 which comprises fixing the dyestuif in the presence of urea.

6. Process according to claim 4 which comprises following up the fixation by an after-treatment in a neutral to alkaline aqueous bath.

7. Process according to claim 1 which comprises treating the material to be dyed simultaneously with an acidbinding agent and the dyestufli and fixing them by the action of an elevated temperature of about 60 to 160 C.

8. Process according to claim 7 which comprises fixing the dyestufi in the presence of urea.

9. Process according to claim7 which comprises following up the fixation by an after-treatment in a neutral to alkaline bath.

10. The process of claim 1 wherein the acid binding agent is a member selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and p0- tassium bicarbonate.

11. The process of claim 10 wherein the temperature is from to C.

, References Cited in the file of this patent I UNITED STATES PATENTS Muller July 22, 1947 Heyna Feb. 23, '4

. OTHER REFERENCES UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent 1 I0 a 2,995,412 August 8, 1961 Karl Gustav Kleb It is hereby certified that error appears in ,the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as "corrected below.

Column 1, line 42, for "azororphin" read azaporphin Signed and sealed this 6th day of March 1962.

(SEAL) Attest:

ERNEST W. SWIDER} I DAVID L. LADD Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents 

1. PROCESS FOR THE DYEING AND PRINTING OF CELLULOSECONTAINING TEXTILE MATERIALS WHICH COMPRISES APPLYING TO THESE MATERIALS DYESTUFFS FREE FROM SULFONIC ACID AND CARBOXYLIC ACID GROUPS, AND CONTAINING AT LEAST ONCE THE FOLLOWING GROUPING 